In psychology, it refers to a deep-seated feeling of inadequacy, inferiority, and self-doubt. It is a belief that one is less competent, less valued, or less important than others. This feeling of inferiority can stem from various sources, such as past negative experiences, social comparisons, or personal beliefs.

Alfred Adler, a psychologist, first suggested the concept of an inferiority complex. According to Adler, feeling inferior is a normal and common occurrence for people. Yet, if these emotions persist and become prevalent, they may have a negative impact on a person’s mental health, behavior, and sense of self-worth.

People with an inferiority complex often experience low self-esteem, negative self-talk, self-doubt, and anxiety. They may feel a constant need to prove themselves or seek validation from others. In rare instances, an inferiority complex can grow into a superiority complex when the person tries to make up for their feelings of inferiority by feeling too superior to others.

Therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, is frequently used to treat it, assisting patients in recognizing and challenging their self-defeating beliefs. Moreover, overcoming inferiority complexes may be accomplished by enhancing one’s self-esteem through constructive self-talk, self-care routines, and goal-setting.